Portugal: Military Order of Christ – Grand Officer Breast Star (Type II)
Maker: Frederico da Costa, Lisbon
Dimensions: Approx. 74.55 mm
Period: Post-1918 (Type II)
The Military Order of Christ (Ordem Militar de Cristo) is a Portuguese chivalric order rooted in the dissolution of the Knights Templar in 1312. Formally established in 1319 by King Denis, the Order absorbed the Templars' assets in Portugal and carried forward their legacy under papal and royal patronage. It played a critical role in the Age of Discoveries, financing expeditions and establishing overseas missions, most famously under Prince Henry the Navigator.
By the 20th century, the Order evolved into a secular state order and was re-established in 1918, after having been briefly disbanded in 1910 during the First Portuguese Republic.
Medal Design:
Obverse:
Prominent red enamel cross with a central white cross (the “Cross of the Order of Christ”)
Surrounded by a white enamel field and gold rim with fine detailing
Mounted on a multi-rayed gilt starburst design
Reverse:
Fitted with original vertical pin and catch for secure uniform mounting
Maker's mark inscribed:
"Frederico da Costa - Fabricante de Medalhas - R. Des. Julião, 110 - Lisboa"
Type: This is the Type II version, instituted after 1918, and identical in design to the Grand Cross star (distinction based on the set in which it's awarded).
Summary:
This is a stunning example of the Grand Officer Breast Star of the Military Order of Christ, Type II, produced by the renowned Portuguese medal maker Frederico da Costa. A highly collectible item for enthusiasts of Portuguese, Masonic, Templar, or European chivalric orders.
Condition:
Obverse: Enamel is largely intact with minor wear visible on close inspection (see macro photo).
Reverse: Shows age-related tarnishing and original maker's stamp is clearly legible.
Pin: Fully functional and well-secured.